“These trails provide a chance for community to heal from past trauma, and also to share their stories with future generations.”
The Oodnadatta trails were opened in 2019 for use by residents and visitors. The two mixed-use trails explore the rich history, language and culture of the area and are appropriate for walking, bike riding and driving. Users follow the map (download below) to markers which are placed along the trails at significant sites. Trail markers include placenames in Lower Arrernte and Yankunytjatjara languages, as well as in English. This mix of languages acknowledges and respects the layers of cultural and social history of Oodnadatta and its surrounds.
Tjukurpa trail
The Tjukurpa trail is a mixed-use trail which takes users on a journey through the Aboriginal history of Oodnadatta. Tjukurpa is a Yankunytjatjara word which can be translated as ‘Dreaming’, ‘Story’ or ‘History’. This trail is a wide loop on the outskirts of town which highlights many sites including an old camp and an ochre pit. It is approx. 6km long (1.5hrs walking) and is most suited to driving and bike riding.
Click the links below to learn more about the trail sites. Lower Arrernte placenames, followed by Yankunytjatjara placenames are displayed.
Railway Museum
The museum is the start of both trails and is opposite the Trail Head sign. Hire the key from the Pink Roadhouse and learn more about the rich history of Oodnadatta.
Old Ochre Pit
Ararrkerne Altyerre L.Arrernte
Nganngi Tjukur Yankunytjatjara
This sacred site is part of the bullfrog history, which is reflected in the placename above. The red ochre pit here has sadly been covered by materials from adjacent properties. Until the 1980s it would have only been talked about in whispers by Arrernte and Yankunytjatjara men, as ochre is an important material in ceremonies and healing. The site is marked for restoration.
Shepherd's Hole
Pmere Antekerrenye L.Arrernte
Ngura Antikirrinya Yankunytjatjara
This waterhole is part of a chain of waterholes from Utnadarra (Anglepole) to Hookeys Hole and on to Stuarts Hole. The ancestral bullfrog proceeds from this waterhole to the Old Ochre Pit. Shepherd’s Hole was also a camp and birthing site before World War II.
The Neales creek that runs through here is named Kata Karu 'Head Creek' in the Yankunytjatjara language.
Railway Dam
Atame L.Arrernte
Tama Yankunytjatjara
The Railway Dam was built to collect water for steam engines on the Great Northern Railway. Today, it is a refuge for wildlife including fish and birds. A bench and picnic shelter are provided on the northern wall. Look out for perente (Lower Arrernte) or ngintaka (Yankunytjatjara), the largest of goannas in Australia.
Mt O'Halloran
Arrkwetye Akaperte L.Arrernte
Kungkaku Kata Yankunytjatjara
Head north on the Oodnadatta track until you can see Mt O'Halloran, the distinct hill surmounted by the radio tower. The name of this hill means 'woman’s head'. The ancestor's head was decapited with a boomerang and the crescent shape ridge north-west of the dome-shaped hill is the boomerang.
The white ridges before the hill are known to Yankunytjatjra speakers from the West as Palkulara, meaning 'white clay hills'. This is a source of white paint used in body painting by both men and women.
After crossing the track junction, the track descends slightly to a depression and drainage line. On the left you can see white clay dumped during the excavation for road materials for the railway ballast.
Old Camp and Soak
Ankerre Nyente L.Arrernte
The name of this site means 'one box-tree'. Unfortunately, the original box-tree which marked this important water supply died in the 1970s, but you can still see its stump, below which is the soakage.
The soakage is an area of ilua 'soft grit' that when dug out reveals a subsurface water hole or stream. Local people were quick to adapt new technologies, and bottomless 44 Gallon drums with removable lids were adopted as shuttering in the early 20th Century. You can see the remains of these in the soakage area. In 2016 the original casing was cleaned out to reveal the water below. Further restoration of the soakage is planned.
Stolen Generations trail
The Stolen Generations trail is a loop around the township which highlights sites of importance to the social history of Aboriginal people, including the Colebrook United Aboriginal Mission (UAM) and Oodnadatta Aboriginal children’s hostel, which played central roles in the Stolen Generations era. This trail is approx. 4km long (1hr walking) and is most suited to walking and bike riding.
Railway Museum
The museum is the start of both trails and is opposite the Trail Head sign. Hire the key from the Pink Roadhouse and learn more about the rich history of Oodnadatta.
West Town Camp
Pmere Antekerrenyenge L.Arrernte
Anangu Tjutaku Ngura Wilurara
Yankunytjatjara
The vacant lot on the north side of Oribee Ave was originally the hospital reserve. Until the mid 1980s people still lived here in canvas and tin shelters. Passing along Oribee Ave in the 1950s, Haine's cakeshop and Manjaloon’s emporium would have been on your left. Beyond the police station are the old Afghan goat-yards, where young Aboriginal goat herds would round up the goats each evening.
Anangu Tjutaku Ngura Wilurara
Yankunytjatjara
The vacant lot on the north side of Oribee Ave was originally the hospital reserve. Until the mid 1980s people still lived here in canvas and tin shelters. Passing along Oribee Ave in the 1950s, Haine's cakeshop and Manjaloon’s emporium would have been on your left. Beyond the police station are the old Afghan goat-yards, where young Aboriginal goat herds would round up the goats each evening.
Macumba Road
Apmarlakerte Iwerre L.Arrernte
Makumpaku Iwara Yankunytjatjara
This road connects Oodnadatta to Macumba station. Macumba Station was established in the 1980s and was an important site for rations distribution and work for Aboriginal people. There were up to 400 people here at any one time. This place was also an important section of the Fire Tjukurpa (History, Dreaming).
Makumpaku Iwara Yankunytjatjara
This road connects Oodnadatta to Macumba station. Macumba Station was established in the 1980s and was an important site for rations distribution and work for Aboriginal people. There were up to 400 people here at any one time. This place was also an important section of the Fire Tjukurpa (History, Dreaming).
East Town Camp
Pmere Ayerrerenyenge L.Arrernte
Anangu Tjutaku Ngura Kakarara
Yankunytjatjara
Aboriginal groups would make camp on the east or west side of town in canvas or tin shelters. These camps were occupied until the 1980s and some people who used to live here now live in Oodnadatta town. Visiting Aboriginal groups would make their camp on the side of town which was closest to their home country. Groups of people would move camp depending on the season or weather conditions, or for cultural reasons, such as a death at the camp.
Anangu Tjutaku Ngura Kakarara
Yankunytjatjara
Aboriginal groups would make camp on the east or west side of town in canvas or tin shelters. These camps were occupied until the 1980s and some people who used to live here now live in Oodnadatta town. Visiting Aboriginal groups would make their camp on the side of town which was closest to their home country. Groups of people would move camp depending on the season or weather conditions, or for cultural reasons, such as a death at the camp.
Old UAM Site
Aketyeyeke Pmere L.Arrernte
Tjitji Tjutaku Ngura Yankunytjatjara
A cement slab is all that remains of the United Aborigines Mission (UAM) site, initially known as the UAM Colebrook Home and then as the UAM Oodnadatta Children's Home. Opened in 1924, this was the first of many UAM facilities across the country. The children taken here included those of Arrernte, Arabana, Yankunytjatjara and Pitjantjatjara backgrounds. These children were part of the Stolen Generation, and were separated from their families, language and culture. In 1927, in an effort to further isolate the children from their culture, the Sisters moved the children to Quorn and opened the new Colebrook Children's Home. In 1944 the children were again moved to Eden Hills, near Adelaide. Finally, some children were relocated to the Oodnadatta Aboriginal Children's Hostel.
Tjitji Tjutaku Ngura Yankunytjatjara
A cement slab is all that remains of the United Aborigines Mission (UAM) site, initially known as the UAM Colebrook Home and then as the UAM Oodnadatta Children's Home. Opened in 1924, this was the first of many UAM facilities across the country. The children taken here included those of Arrernte, Arabana, Yankunytjatjara and Pitjantjatjara backgrounds. These children were part of the Stolen Generation, and were separated from their families, language and culture. In 1927, in an effort to further isolate the children from their culture, the Sisters moved the children to Quorn and opened the new Colebrook Children's Home. In 1944 the children were again moved to Eden Hills, near Adelaide. Finally, some children were relocated to the Oodnadatta Aboriginal Children's Hostel.
Old Aboriginal Hostel
Aketyeyeke Pmere L.Arrernte
Tjitjiku Ngura Yankunytjatjara
From 1971 to 1986 the Oodnadatta Aboriginal Children's Hostel was funded by the Commonwealth Government and run by the Save the Children Fund in consultation with the Department of Aboriginal Affairs. The superintendent of the hostel originally worked for the United Aborigines Mission (UAM). The majority of children residing in the hostel were transferred here from one of UAM's many Children's Homes. The children were from many different language groups and were part of the Stolen Generation, separated from family, language and culture. The building still remains.
Tjitjiku Ngura Yankunytjatjara
From 1971 to 1986 the Oodnadatta Aboriginal Children's Hostel was funded by the Commonwealth Government and run by the Save the Children Fund in consultation with the Department of Aboriginal Affairs. The superintendent of the hostel originally worked for the United Aborigines Mission (UAM). The majority of children residing in the hostel were transferred here from one of UAM's many Children's Homes. The children were from many different language groups and were part of the Stolen Generation, separated from family, language and culture. The building still remains.
Ardugula Aboriginal Corporation and partners acknowledges the support of the South Australian Government’s Stolen Generations Community Reparation Fund for the development of these trails.
Cover photo of men in front of the Transcontinental hotel (Oodnadatta, c. 1908) SAMA 1083-15-3208, courtesy of the South Australian Museum.
