Ngalea

Ngalea is located in the far west of the state of South Australia, crossing into Western Australia.

It lies west of the Kokatha language, and north of the Mirning language.

AIATSIS id : C.01

VARIATIONS

Ngalea (used by Tindale), Ngaleea (used by Bates), Ngalia (used by AIATSIS & Berndt), Ngaliawongga, Ngalija, Ngaliya, Ngallea, Ngallia, Nangga (men, i.e., circumcised persons), Nanggaranggu, Nanggarangku (lit. ‘hostile men,’ a term applied by the Pitjantjatjara), Ooldean, Tangara (of eastern tribes; term also used for the Antakirinja), Thala or Thalla, Willoo-rara (means ‘west’), Willoorara, Windakan (name applied to language, also to Wirangu).

NOTE: Care must be taken when searching for sources or information on Ngalea that you do not confuse it with the similar language language name ‘Ngalia’ from the Northern territory, related to Warlpiri. Tindale distinguishes these clearly, but the AIATSIS catalogue in Canberra, for example, does not.

DISCLAIMER:

The above map is based upon the Horton Indigenous Map of Australia © Aboriginal Studies Press, AIATSIS, and Auslig/Sinclair, Knight, Merz, 1996. The full map is available on the AIATSIS website. The locations of the languages of SA, as stated on the this website are not intended for Land Claim use, and are an approximate guide only. Individual language project locations are based on information from publicly available MILR (ILS) documents.

REFERENCE AND SOURCE ARCHIVE

BATES, Daisy, (1859-1951). 1931. Letter to Professor Fitzherbert. Ooldea 1931 [12th August]. Held In: Barr Smith Library Special Collection & National Library of Australia, Canberra. VIEW HERE [[Annotation: Includes vocabulary labelled ‘Ngallia’.]]

BATES, Daisy. 1934. Jolly good fellow [Bibbulmum rendering.] The Star -- Jul. 24, 1934. VIEW HERE [Imprint: 1927]. [Held In: Box 1, Series 5, Item 5; Barr Smith Special Collection & National Library of Australia, Canberra. [Annotation: Includes translation of the song into the ‘Ooldea & Central Australian rendering’.]]

BATES, Daisy. 1929. Social organization - Ooldea district. Held In: Box 4, Section 3, 4g; Barr Smith Library Special Collection & National Library of Australia, Canberra. VIEW HERE [[Annotation: Class system, bethrothal, marriage laws – Ngallia wonga.]]

BATES, Daisy. 1904. Native vocabularies - Central Australian tribes.VIEW HERE [Held In: Box 8, Section 12, 2G, 8a; Barr Smith Library Special Collection & National Library of Australia, Canberra. ]

BATES, Daisy. 1940. Native vocabularies - Ooldea Magisterial District. VIEW HERE [Held in Section 12, 2G, 8c; Barr Smith Library Special Collection, & National Library of Australia, Canberra. [Annotation: Thala or Ngallia wonga; Words for relationships, parts & functions of body, animals, birds, reptiles, insects, the elements, etc., gen. vocab. (approx. 600 words); short senten]

BERNDT, Ronald M. (Ronald Murray)(1916-1990). 1942-45. A Preliminary report of field work in the Ooldea region, Western South Australia. Oceania, - 1942 v.13, no.2, pp.[143]169; 1942 v.13, no.3, pp. [243]-280; 1942: v.13, no.4, pp. 362-375; 1943 v.14, no.1, pp.[30]-66; 1943 v.14, no.3, pp.[220]-249; 1943 v.14, no.4, pp.[338]-358; 1944 v.15, no.1, pp.[49]-80. [[Annotation: These articles contain some language references for the “Ooldea dialect” without specifying the language name. The article in 1942 v.13, no.2 contains some wordlists for totems, kinship and food. The article in 1944 v.15, no.1 is specifically about language. Otherwise words are scattered throughout anthropological writing.] [This material is available at the State Library of South Australia, Barr Smith and other libraries in Adelaide.]]

BERNDT, Ronald M. (Ronald Murray). 1949. A selection of children’s songs from Ooldea, western South Australia. [Mankind - 1952; v.4, no.9; 364-376; 1953; no.10; 423-434; 1954; no.12; 501-508. [This material is available at the State Library of South Australia, Barr Smith and other libraries in Adelaide.]]

CONDON, H. T. (Herbert Thomas). 1955. Aboriginal bird names - South Australia, pt 1 & 2. South Australian Ornithologist 21,6/7: pp.74-88; 21,8: pp.91-8. [[Annotation: Bird names in Aranda, Pitjantjatjara, Gugada, Antakarinya, Mirning, Wirangu, Yankunytjatjara, Wailbi, Wiljagali, Narangga, Kaurna, Ngadjuri, Bungandidj, Yawarawarga, Potaruwutj, Narrinyeri, Kujani, Yadliyawarra, Parnkala, Warki, Arabana, Dieri, Wangganguru, Ngamini, Nawu, Ngayawung, Nugunu & Ngalea. The wordlists have been taken from various other sources.] [This material is available at the State Library of South Australia and other libraries.]]

DOUGLAS W.H. 1955. Phonology of the Australian Aboriginal Language spoken at Ooldea, South Australia. Oceania, 25, 3: pp. 216-29. [[This material is available at the State Library of South Australia, Barr Smith and other libraries in Adelaide.]]

GREEN, H. (Harrie E.) 1952. 'Come! Home to the Fold'. Copies held in Tindale collection, ‘Ooldea 1951 Papers associated,’ SA Museum Identifier: AA 338/2/32 [[in both English and (as Tindale notes) 'in Ooldea dialect Ngalea being the language most generally used.']]

GREEN, H. 1945. Bible. N.T. - Gospels. Selections. Ngalia. Ngullabidtha: Jesus Wodthanoo: Ngyooloo-goodoo Ngullabidtha, Matthew 11.28. [Come, Jesus said, Come unto me!] [London: Scripture Gift Mission. AIATSIS print collection]

O'GRADY, Geoffrey N. & KLOKEID, T.J. 1969. Australian linguistic classification: a plea for coordination of effort. Oceania 39,4: pp.298-311. [[Includes 100 words.] [This material is available at the State Library of South Australia, Barr Smith and other libraries in Adelaide.]]

TINDALE, Norman B. (Norman Barnett),(1900-1993). 1966. ‘Journal of a visit to Ooldea, to study the Aborigines. Nov. 1934 and 1951.’ Held at SA Museum Identifier: AA 338/1/13. [[Annotation: 425 words.]]

TINDALE, Norman B. (Norman Barnett). 1933-1965. Vocabulary of Pitjandjara, the language of the natives of the Great Western Desert. [Adelaide]. Held at SA Museum Identifier: AA 338/8/9 [[Annotation: Additions include Pitjandjara, Jangkundjara, Kokata, ŋadadjara, and ŋalea words.]]